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  • Ketoprofen is given by mouth in the form of a capsule or tablet to treat pain and inflammation in dogs and horses. It’s use in animals is off label. Do not use this medication in pets that are allergic to it, or in pets concurrently using corticosteroids or other NSAIDs. If a negative reaction occurs, call your veterinary office.

  • Ketorolac is applied topically to the eye to treat pain and inflammation of the eye. Its use in dogs and cats is off label. Do not use this medication in pets that are allergic to it. If a negative reaction occurs, call your veterinary office.

  • Ketotifen ophthalmic is a topical antihistamine used to allergic conjunctivitis and itchy eyes caused by allergies in cats and dogs. This medication is used off label in veterinary medicine. Ketotifen ophthalmic comes in liquid drop suspension form.

  • L-theanine (ANXITANE®) is a nutritional supplement used to treat anxiety in dogs and cats. It is an amino acid naturally found in green tea leaves and is available as a chewable tablet.

  • Labrador Retrievers are medium-to-large sporting dogs known for friendliness and intelligence. They are an active, sporting breed developed for retrieving game on land and in water. Labs are friendly, social, and eager to work with people, which makes them popular as family dogs, service dogs, and working companions.

  • The lacrimal duct is part of the nasolacrimal system, a series of narrow tubes that allow tears to drain from the eye into the nose and mouth. This duct can sometimes become blocked or fail to develop properly. The clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment options for the condition are explained in this handout.

  • Lactated Ringer's solution (also known as LRS or Ringer's Lactate) is a fluid and electrolyte (salt) replacement solution used to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances in cats, dogs, birds, pocket pets (small mammals), and other animals. Lactated Ringer's solution comes in injectable form.

  • Lactulose is used off label and is given by mouth to treat high blood ammonia levels and constipation in dogs, cats, birds, and reptiles. The most common side effects are diarrhea, bloating, gas, and abdominal cramping. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it or in pets with intestinal blockage/obstruction.

  • Lameness, or limping, is a common sign of pain or weakness in dogs and can result from a wide range of injuries, diseases, and orthopedic conditions. This article explains how veterinarians diagnose the cause of lameness and the treatment options that may help restore comfort and mobility.

  • Lanthanum is a phosphorus binding agent used to treat high blood phosphorus levels due to kidney disease in cats and dogs. It is used off label (extra label) in veterinary medicine. Lanthanum comes in tablet and powder forms to be given orally.