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Ringworm infections in cats are caused by a fungus, not a worm. Ringworm is highly contagious and can be spread between animals and from animals to people. The clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and risks are explained in this handout.
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Round cell tumors are among the most common skin tumors in dogs, and they typically form just under the skin, although they may change the surface of the skin above them. If detected early, most round cell tumors can be easily removed.
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A salivary mucocele is an accumulation of saliva that has leaked from an injured salivary gland or duct. Some mucoceles cause swelling of the face and neck, while others interfere with a dog's ability to swallow or breathe normally. Treatment typically requires surgical removal of the affected salivary gland(s).
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Sarcoptic mange, also known as scabies, is caused by a parasitic mite that burrows just beneath the surface of the skin. The presence of the sarcoptic mite causes intense itching; an affected dog will constantly chew and scratch his skin. Sarcoptic mange is highly contagious to other dogs and humans.
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Seasonal flank alopecia is a skin condition in which affected dogs lose patches of hair seasonally, likely due to an abnormal response of the hair follicles to normal hormonal changes that occur with changing day length. This condition is purely cosmetic, so no treatment is necessary. Melatonin can be used to speed hair regrowth and prevent hair loss in dogs that develop this condition on a recurrent basis.
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Sebaceous adenitis is an immune-mediated disorder in which the immune system causes inflammation that damages the sebaceous glands in the skin. Clinical signs vary between short-haired and long-haired breeds, though both experience hair loss, skin scales, and lesions that begin on the head and along the spine.
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Seborrhea, also called seborrheic dermatitis, is a skin disorder in which the skin’s sebaceous glands produce an excessive amount of sebum, which is an oily, waxy substance that helps moisturize and protect the skin. The excess sebum causes scaly, flaky, itchy, and red skin. Seborrhea typically affects the back, face, and flanks and is worse in skin folds. Treatment or management depends on the cause.
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Seborrhea, also called seborrheic dermatitis, is a skin disorder in which the skin’s sebaceous glands produce an excessive amount of sebum, which is an oily, waxy substance that helps moisturize and protect the skin. The excess sebum causes scaly, flaky, itchy, and red skin. Seborrhea typically affects the back, face, and flanks and is worse in skin folds. Treatment or management depends on the cause.
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A seizure, also known as a convulsion or fit, is a temporary, involuntary disturbance of normal brain function. If abnormal brain activity occurs in the motor cortex of the brain, it may cause uncontrollable muscle activity. Epilepsy is a condition that involves repeated seizures that may occur alone or in clusters. These seizures may be infrequent and unpredictable or they may occur at regular intervals.
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Seizures and syncope are commonly confused with one another due to similarities in the appearance of these episodes. Both present with collapse but there are several details, explained in this handout, that can differentiate between them, which is important for determining treatment. The prognosis for each condition varies depending on the underlying causes.