Library
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Atrioventricular (AV) valve dysplasia is a developmental malformation of the mitral or tricuspid valve in the heart. Signs include exercise intolerance, accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, weight loss, and stunted growth. Difficulty breathing or collapse may occur if congestive heart failure develops. Treatment of AV valve dysplasia is focused on managing signs of congestive heart failure and/or disturbances in heart rhythm, generally using medications.
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An aural hematoma is a collection of blood between the cartilage and skin of the ear flap. It is most usually caused by trauma but can also be due to a bleeding disorder. Hematomas in dogs should be treated early to minimize pain and disfigurement.
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AIHA or IMHA is a life-threatening condition that may occur as a primary condition or secondary to another disease. Most dogs with AIHA have severe anemia and their gums will be very pale. They will be anorexic, listless, easily tired, and will have increased heart and respiration rates. Diagnosis involves a complete blood count (CBC), biochemical profiles, urinalysis, and X-rays or ultrasound of the abdomen and chest. Treatment may involve blood transfusions and other medications over a prolonged time. The prognosis may be better if an underlying cause can be identified.
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Autoimmune disease causes the immune system to attack itself by mistake, causing illness. With autoimmune skin disease the immune system attacks the body's own skin tissues. Variations of autoimmune skin disease are described, along with clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Pneumonia is inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Bronchopneumonia generally refers to inflammation that begins in the lower airways. The terms are often used interchangeably. This article outlines common causes, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Baylisascaris procyonis, also known as the raccoon roundworm, is a parasite found in the intestinal tract of many raccoons. In some cases, this parasite may also spread to dogs and, less commonly, cats. Infection in dogs often results in no symptoms, but it can result in diarrhea. In rare cases, migration of parasite into the dog’s nervous system can result in encephalitis (brain inflammation), and death. Baylisascaris procyonis can also rarely infect humans.
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Bites wounds are one of the most common reasons that dogs need emergency veterinary appointments, and they can cause significant injury to the skin and soft tissues. Even a bite that does not break the skin can cause crushing or bruising injuries to the underlying soft tissues. If your dog has been in a fight with another animal, notify your veterinarian immediately.
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Bladder stones are rock-like formations of minerals that develop in the urinary bladder. The most common signs in dogs are bloody urine and straining to urinate. Bladder stones can develop within a few weeks, or they may take months to form. Most are visible on X-rays or an ultrasonic bladder examination. There are three main treatment options for bladder stones: surgical removal, non-surgical removal by urohydropropulsion, or dietary dissolution. Prevention is possible in some cases, depending on the chemical composition of the stones.
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Blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid) can affect one or both eyes. The affected eyelid will usually be red, swollen, and itchy. Any condition that can cause irritation of the eyelids can lead to blepharitis. The numerous potential causes of this condition, along with the clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are outlined in this handout.
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Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV) is an acute, life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with large amounts of air and then twists around, effectively cutting off the outputs to the esophagus and intestine. Causes, signs, treatment, prognosis, and prevention are discussed.